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White Hispanics have the highest incomes and lowest rates of unemployment and poverty.  The table shows that Hispanics who identified themselves as “other race” in the census – those we call Hispanic Hispanics – fall squarely between white Hispanics and black Hispanics in their income, unemployment and poverty levels.  However they are the Hispanic group with the highest proportion of foreign-born members and they are most likely to hold onto the Spanish language.    

Table 2. Socioeconomic characteristics of Hispanic groups and blacks, 2000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign

Speak other

Years of

Median

 

Below

 

born

language

education

income

Unemployed

poverty

White Hispanic

38.8%

75.7%

11.0

$39,900

8.0%

24.1%

Hispanic Hispanic

43.8%

82.6%

9.9

$37,500

9.5%

27.7%

Black Hispanic

28.2%

60.8%

11.7

$35,000

12.3%

31.5%

Hispanic Total

40.9%

78.6%

10.5

$38,500

8.8%

26.0%

Non-Hispanic Black

6.4%

6.3%

12.5

$34,000

11.0%

29.7%

 We can also use PUMS data to classify the Hispanic racial groups by national origin, as reported by the census.  Table 3 shows that Cubans are most likely to identify as white; Dominicans are least likely.  Dominicans are the most likely to identify in the other two categories.  

The highest share of black Hispanics is found among Dominicans (12.7%).  There are about 100,000 black Dominicans, who are especially prominent in New York City.  Puerto Ricans also have a higher than average share of black Hispanics (8.2%), and the highest number of black Hispanics are Puerto Rican (more than a quarter million).  Though a very small percentage of Mexicans are black Hispanics, this group still includes nearly a quarter million persons.    

Table 3. National origins of Hispanics by race, 2000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

White Hispanic

Hispanic Hispanic

Black Hispanic

Total

Mexican

10,324,597

49.3%

10,406,214

49.7%

221,905

1.1%

20,952,716

Puerto Rican

1,661,577

49.0%

1,450,124

42.8%

277,765

8.2%

3,389,466

Cuban

1,071,596

85.4%

123,427

9.8%

59,341

4.7%

1,254,364

Dominican

197,939

24.3%

514,185

63.1%

103,361

12.7%

815,485

Central American

746,847

42.1%

956,540

53.9%

72,823

4.1%

1,776,210

South American

854,785

61.1%

522,762

37.4%

21,956

1.6%

1,399,503

All Others

2,744,601

48.6%

2,726,803

48.2%

182,320

3.2%

5,653,724

Total

17,601,942

49.9%

16,700,055

47.4%

939,471

2.7%

35,241,468

 

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